Eskom
A state monopoly that powers a nation also poisons its air—and blackouts prove it runs on inertia, not investment.
South Africa
A country that dismantled its own founding logic and is still doing the arithmetic.
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Naspers
A nationalist publisher that became a passive tech investor by accident — not design.
Sasol
A state-built coal-to-liquids project became a global mining and chemicals giant—not by pivoting away from coal, but by scaling it.
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BHP
BHP is an Australian mining company, founded at Broken Hill in 1885, that today mines iron ore, copper and coal.
Gabe Newell
Gabe Newell left Microsoft in 1996 to found Valve, the game company whose Steam service came to carry most of its revenue.
Ray Kroc
Ray Kroc was the American businessman who bought McDonald's in 1961 and helped turn it into a worldwide franchise chain.
Jumbo
Jumbo is a Dutch supermarket chain, owned by the Van Eerd Group, that grew from one store in a former church in Tilburg into the second largest in the Netherlands.